badr al-din hilali jaghatai is one of the most important and influential poets of the late 9 th and early 10 th centuries of hijri. he was one of the great poets of his time in ghazal and masnavi formats. shah va darwish is his most famous in his era and after. in Turkish literature, several masnavis have been written with this theme under its influence. there was a story of the king and the darwish in the works related to romantic mysticism in the days before hilali. we have presented examples of these stories in this article and examined their similarities and differences. in the following, we have compared shah va darwish of hilali with them and also mentioned his innovations. shah and daewish of hilali is important from three literary, mystical and moral aspects. among these, no attention has been paid to its moral aspect until now. in this verse, the poet expresses his advice to the rulers in a veiled manner. and he reminds them of the need to observe justice and reminds them of the benefits of observing justice. and this point has turned shah va darwish of hilali into a political document.

badr al-din hilali jaghatai is one of the most important and influential poets of the late 9 th and early 10 th centuries of hijri. he was one of the great poets of his time in ghazal and masnavi formats. shah va darwish is his most famous in his era and after. in Turkish literature, several masnavis have been written with this theme under its influence. there was a story of the king and the darwish in the works related to romantic mysticism in the days before hilali. we have presented examples of these stories in this article and examined their similarities and differences. in the following, we have compared shah va darwish of hilali with them and also mentioned his innovations. shah and daewish of hilali is important from three literary, mystical and moral aspects. among these, no attention has been paid to its moral aspect until now. in this verse, the poet expresses his advice to the rulers in a veiled manner. and he reminds them of the need to observe justice and reminds them of the benefits of observing justice. and this point has turned shah va darwish of hilali into a political document.

Badriddin hilali, the late ninth century and early sixteenth century lyric poet whose poems he significantly with expressive images that are created using elements of imagery. Arches art is innovative in making similes and metaphors. Imagery of this study was to evaluate the different species, "simile, metaphor, alliteration, irony, diagnosis, " the poem is taken arches To answer the question of how much and how the poet of imagery and mental imagery is used in your poetry? He illustrations innovation or imitation of the past has been done in the area and what kind of imagery in his poetry is more frequent? In this speech was a library research method, the results were classified into descriptive analysis. It is with statistics to a holistic view of images and how to use them both quantitatively and qualitatively be provided. The results showed that compared high-frequency sensory especially in his poetry is metaphor. Stipulated metaphor, diagnosis, and metonymy allusion He also has the frequency. More images of his poetic descriptions lover or one of his moral and physical properties that are created with the help of natural manifestations. Arches art innovation and imagination in the use of force similes and allusions he is tangible.

The rise of Timor (1336–1405) and the expansion of his sovereignty on Transoxania was–at first–an internal transition in Chagatai Ulus. Therefore the future of Timor's actions depended on the answer to this question: What will be the destiny of Chagatai Ulus? Political legitimacy and military security as two main factors of Timor's rule was in direct relation with this question. The essay will describe and analyse the relations between Timor and Chagatai Ulus with emphasis on political legitimacy and military security.

Badriddin hilali is one of the brilliant poets of late 9th century A. H. and early 10th century A. H., who in addition to his romantic lyrics, has brilliant romantic and mystical collections. Sefat-el Ashaqin is one of these collections which has been composed of 1237 verses in 20 sections. Being a kind of descriptive-analytic one which has been carried out by applying library resources, the current study aims at analyzing Sefat-el Ashaqin and the way it is linked to didactic literature and its applying of didactic and moral doctrines. The findings reveal that Sefat-el Ashaqin is replete with of didactic and moral contents. 893 verses (%72) out of all verses are devoted to praising, advising virtues, refusing and forbidding moral vices, contentment, not sleeping and eating too much, politeness, generosity, patience, isolation from people’, s commotion, silence, kindness, loyalty, effort, gratitude, bravery, truth and honesty, humility, modesty, world instability and separation from the world, and moral and didactic doctrines. These are the seventeenth subjects which Badriddin hilali has discussed in Sefat-el Ashaqin. Mystical attitude is also another notable issue which is seen in some of these subjects. Didactic literature, Persian literature, Moral and Didactic Doctrines, Masnavi Sefat-el Ashaqin, Badriddin hilali

Landforms and geomorphological processes is the most important factors that affecting dispersion and quality of building materials. Case study, consisting of both new and old alluvial fans is located in the West of the city of Sabzevar. The aim of this study was to investigate the process of freezing and thawing in the durability and quality of materials taken from the alluvial fans old and new. To achieve this goal, we dug four wells in different parts of new and old of fans. The examples of large and small stones from the depths of one meter, two meters, three meters and four, wells were removed. Then to measure resistance of material, against freezing and thawing, freezing and thawing tests were performed on all samples. According to the test on three outcomes for this study was obtained. First: weight loss of samples of the new fans of head is greater, compared with other samples are taken because of the waters. Second, samples of the new fans head because the waters have greater weight loss compared with other samples are taken. Therefore, samples of new fans is fine-grained as possible. Thirdly, if the target is high-quality materials, best materials is made of metamorphic minerals, such as andesite and pyroxene.

One of the salient features of the Timur's rule is the strong presence of the Chagatais in government organizations. Timur used these figures to establish and stabilize his government and to expand his territory. The main aim of this research is to study the role of the Chagatais in the formation and establishment of the Timurid government and to assess the why and the how of the political, administrative and military influences of the Chagatais in this government. Implementing a descriptive-analytical method, this study has used library resources to examine Timur's thoughts and policy regarding Chagatais and their use in military and property affairs. The results of the research show the strong presence of the Chagatais in the military and governmental affairs of Timur. This, in addition to the inevitability of Timur's tendency to use the Chagatais to deepen political legitimacy, is influenced by the dependence of the Timurid rule on the Chagatais' troops to expand and maintain the territory as well as to stabilize the government.

The Mongols' exit of their own territory and their invasions of other territories were the last attacks and emigration of tribes who were inhabitants of the central Asia. This last exit affected vast geographical areas. Mongols took possession of the lands right from the Pacific Ocean up to Eastern Europe that included whole china, Iran and Syria. They established their government with the Mongolian origin in those countries.  What was strange in such a great conquest was that they did not conquer India.In this study, using descriptive-analytical approach and based on original references, we will discuss the reasons why Mongols did not invade India. The authors believe that Hulagu Khan’s reluctance to open a new frontier and to enlarge the Mongol’s territory in the eastern parts of Iran was mainly due to the treaty that he signed with Indian kings. Other Ilkhanate governors also respected and accepted this treaty, while Chaghatai ̓s Ulus neglected it and repeatedly invaded India. Also, this paper emphasizes on the trend of the inclination of Chaghatai’s Ulus towards India and the conquest of this land by Chengiz Khan’s successors. In this connection, we discuss the relationship of the Indian kings with the Ilkhanate and Chaghatai’s Ulus as well as the mode of their mutual interactions.

One of the groups present in the Timurid era was the Qara'unas. Before the Timurids, they played a major role in the political life of Chagatai Ulus, because of their courage and bravery. But, the important thing was that despite the group's inherent importance as a force in the military sphere and militarism, they were less appreciated in other areas. This study, using the primary and research sources and relying on the descriptive-analytical method and looking again at the events related to this group in the Timurid period, attempted to explain the role of Qara'unas in the political and military equations of Chagatai Ulus and examine the reason behind Timurid's special treatment towards this group. The main question of this research is: why did the political and military prestige of Qara'unas gradually decrease in the Timurid era? The findings showed that Timurids, taking into account the historical experience of the Mongols, the opposition and conflict of Qara'unas at the beginning of the government with the Timurids and the intentional or unintentional negligence of this group in some missions assigned to them by the Timurids, had considered an insignificant role for Qara'unas in the political life of Chagatai Ulus.

The book of Sulaym bn Qays is one of the famous books among the Shiite which has been the center of some controversial discrepancies. Reliability of Sulaym and his book is accepted by all but to attribute the existing book to Sulaym is doubted by many of the Ulama. Investigating different opinions and reasons and finally finding the right one is the main concern of this paper.